A comparative analysis of R.E.I.T.s, R.E.O.C.s and P.R.E.O.C.s using a stochastic frontier approach

Although the first real estate investment trust (R.E.I.T.) was created in 1960s, according to the latest data of 2018, only 13 out of 28 European countries had such systems on their stock-exchange. Many economists have published detailed studies stating the advantages of R.E.I.T.s, however, the developing part of Europe is still slow to react with legislative initiatives. This article extends the existing research on R.E.I.T. efficiencies and compares them to private real estate operating companies (P.R.E.O.C.s) as well as real estate operating companies (R.E.O.C.s) across the U.S., Canada and the European Union by using a stochastic frontier, panel-data models of translog cost functions while trying to identify whether a significant benefit arises from different corporate structures. The results confirm that out of 666 companies under consideration, all types of real estate (R.E.) firms achieve economies of scale. Furthermore, in the time period of 2014–2016, REITs on average were less reliant on short-term debt, they had a lower debt-to-equity ratio, were more efficient at managing costs in three stochastic translog models and partially in fourth, had a stronger economy of scale effect when their assets size increased, and remained competitively profitable though were outperformed in the profit and revenue are

Behind the definition of Industry 5.0: A systematic review of technologies, principles, components, and values

This study addresses the emerging concept of Industry 5.0, which aims to tackle societal concerns associated with the ongoing digital industrial transformation. However, there is still a lack of consensus on the definition and scope of Industry 5.0, as well as limited understanding of its technological components, design principles, and intended values. To bridge these knowledge gaps, the study conducts a content-centric review of relevant literature and synthesizes evidence to develop an architectural design for Industry 5.0. The findings reveal that Industry 5.0 represents the future of industrial transformation, offering potential solutions to socio-economic and environmental issues that were inadequately addressed or exacerbated by Industry 4.0. The study provides managers, industrialists, and policymakers with a comprehensive overview of Industry 5.0, including its technological constituents, design principles, and smart components, emphasizing the importance of stakeholder involvement and integration for effective governance of digital industrial transformation within this framework

Companies’ management during economic crisis

Lots of companies faced recent economic crisis. It was generated by global markets deregulation and it triggered relevant situation to emerge other types of crisis. Many scientists all over the world analyses how crisis affected global economy and changed companies’ management actions. Scientists exclude these types of crisis: economic, informational, physical, human resource, reputational, psychopathic acts production and financial. This paper examines economic crisis generated negative effects, how it started companies’ human resources and reputational crisis. Analysis is made by using triangular Crisis Management model (Alas, 2009) and Gao (2009) triangular of Main Types of Crisis. Two retail business companies were selected from Baltic countries: Lithuania and Estonia, to compare their financial results and managerial plans variation during pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis periods

Kernavės girininkijos miškų biologinė ir ekonominė analizė

Bibliogr.: p. 80-83Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij